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Hydraulic fracturing pressure of concentric double-layered cylinder in cohesive soil

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 937-947 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0754-4

摘要： This study aims to investigate hydrofracturing in double-layered soil through theoretical and experimental analysis, as multilayered soils where the difference in mechanical properties exists are generally encountered in practical engineering. First, an analytical solution for fracturing pressure in two different concentric regions of soil was presented based on the cavity expansion theory. Then, several triaxial hydraulic fracturing tests were carried out to validate the analytical solution. The comparison between the experimental and analytical results indicates the remarkable accuracy of the derived formula, and the following conclusions were also obtained. First, there is a linear relationship between the fracturing pressure and confining pressure in concentric double-layered cohesive soil. Second, when the internal-layer soil is softer than the external-layer soil, the presence of internal soil on the fracturing pressure approximately brings the weakening effect, and the greater strength distinction between the two layers, the greater the weakening effect. Third, when the internal-layer soil is harder than the external-layer soil, the existence of the internal-layer soil has a strengthening effect on the fracturing pressure regardless of the proportion of internal-layer soil. Moreover, the influence of strength distinction between the two layers on the fracturing pressure is significant when the proportion of internal-layer soil is less than half, while it’s limited when the proportion is more than half. The proposed solution is potentially useful for geotechnical problems involving aspects of cohesive soil layering in a composite formation.

关键词： hydraulic fracturing pressure layered cavity expansion theory triaxial fracturing test cohesive soil

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Experimental study on slurry-induced fracturing during shield tunneling

Teng WANG, Dajun YUAN, Dalong JIN, Xinggao LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 333-345 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0718-8

摘要： Facial support in slurry shield tunneling is provided by slurry pressure to balance the external earth and water pressure. Hydraulic fracturing may occur and cause a significant decrease in the support pressure if the slurry pressure exceeds the threshold of the soil or rock material, resulting in a serious face collapse accident. Preventing the occurrence of hydraulic fracturing in a slurry shield requires investigating the effects of related influencing factors on the hydraulic fracturing pressure and fracture pattern. In this study, a hydraulic fracturing apparatus was developed to test the slurry-induced fracturing of cohesive soil. The effects of different sample parameters and loading conditions, including types of holes, unconfined compressive strength, slurry viscosity, and axial and circumferential loads, on the fracturing pressure and fracture dip were examined. The results indicate that the fracture dip is mainly affected by the deviator stress. The fracturing pressure increases linearly with the increase in the circumferential pressure, but it is almost independent of the axial pressure. The unconfined compressive strength of soil can reflect its ability to resist fracturing failure. The fracturing pressure increases with an increase in the unconfined compressive strength as well as the slurry viscosity. Based on the test results, an empirical approach was proposed to estimate the fracturing pressure of the soil.

关键词： slurry shield tunneling hydraulic fracturing test fracturing pressure fracture dip unconfined compressive strength slurry viscosity

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Simulation analysis of pressure regulation of hydraulic thrust system on a shield tunneling machine

Zhibin LIU, Haibo XIE, Huayong YANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第3期页码 377-382 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0226-y

摘要：

Hydraulic thrust system is an important system in a shield tunneling machine. Pressure regulation of thrust cylinders is the most important function for thrust system during tunnel excavation. In this paper, a hydraulic thrust system is explained, and a corresponding simulation model is carried out in order to study the system characteristics. Pressure regulation of a certain group’s cylinders has little influence on regulation of the other groups’ cylinders. The influence will not affect the process much during tunnel excavation. Pump displacement may have a greater effect on pressure regulation and oil supply flow rate should be adaptive to the system’s demand. A exacting situation is simulated to explain how pressure regulation works during tunnel excavation.

关键词： tunnel hydraulic thrust system pressure regulation simulation

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A novel high-temperature and high-pressure hydraulic pump based on mononeuron control

Linhui ZHAO, Xin FANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第2期页码 219-223 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0024-y

摘要： Based on structures and characteristics of traditional hydraulic pumps, this paper proposes a novel high-temperature and high-pressure hydraulic pump (HHHP) that can work under 150°C and 28 MPa to overcome problems of traditional high-temperature plunger pumps. The HHHP is designed with the structure of mechanical division and double cylinder parallel. The control signals of two cylinders are two separate triangle waveforms with 90° phase difference. Because the output waveforms of two cylinders have the same characteristics as the control signals, the HHHP can obtain a stable output after two separate waveforms are superposed. A mononeuron self-adaptive PID control algorithm is also improved by modifying parameters and . Two improved controllers are used to control the two cylinders, respectively, making two displacements of plungers match each other. Therefore, reduced fluctuations and stable pressure output is obtained. Besides simulation, tests on the built prototype test system are carried out to verify the performance of HHHP. Results show that the improved control approach can limit fluctuations to a lower level and the HHHP system attains good outputs under different signal periods and different pressures.

关键词： mononeuron PID control hydraulic pump pressure fluctuation

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低渗油藏人工裂缝监测技术在现河地区的应用

肖淑明,吕志强, 郭志华,刘雪青

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 65-69

摘要：

针对高压低渗透油藏渗透率低、孔隙度小的特点，在压裂改造时进行裂缝监测，根据监测出的裂缝方位（方向）、裂缝长度、裂缝的高度（范围）和产状以及地下主应力的方向，为下步布井和井网调整提供了依据。2008年以来，现河地区已成功实施裂缝监测79井次，为低渗透油藏的高效开发提供了有力支持。

关键词：裂缝监测低渗透压裂

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Long-term behavior and safety assessment of Sance Rockfill Dam

Marta DOLEZALOVA, Ivo HLADIK

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 79-89 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0010-9

摘要： Safety assessment of the 62 m high Sance Rockfill Dam based on long-term monitoring results and their simulation by numerical models is presented in the paper. Unexpectedly large settlements and horizontal movements of the crest together with the steep downstream slope questioned the safety of the dam. Calibrated 2D and 3D models fitting the monitoring results were applied for the safety assessment of the dam including slope stability analysis and estimation of the clay core cracking and hydraulic fracturing hazard. The modeling results contributed to the rehabilitation concept and project of the dam.

关键词： rockfill dam path dependence creep calibration cracking hydraulic fracturing hazard

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第三沉降带应力场研究

闫治涛,刘建中,邱金平, 金丽华

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 33-35

摘要：

介绍了第三沉降带的分布，监测得出的大量人工裂缝方向数据及由人工裂缝方向数据统计得出的最大水平主应力方向。结果表明，第三沉降带由北向南绵延１５００ km，最大水平主应力方向大体稳定，分布在５５°～７５° NE范围，多为６５° NE。由监测结果可以判断，第三沉降带的构造应力方向是南亚板块及菲律宾板块共同作用的结果。

关键词：微地震法人工裂缝监测第三沉降带最大水平主应力方向压裂施工

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煤层气开发压裂技术在沁水煤田的实践与应用

侯景龙,刘志东,刘建中

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第1期页码 89-92

摘要：

针对煤层气特点以及开发过程中压裂工艺技术存在的问题，研究了一项以套管注入、高排量、活性水携砂为主的煤层气清水压裂配套工艺技术。该技术在山西沁水盆地SH煤田现场应用实践了6口井，并获得成功，压后正处于排水阶段，出气效果明显。

关键词：煤层气节理吸附清水压裂

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山西沁水煤层气压裂施工的横向效应

李梦溪,张聪

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 16-19

摘要：

介绍了在山西沁水盆地煤层气压裂时监测到的压裂施工的横向效应，监测使用微地震方法。发现沿人工裂缝法向方向的邻井在施工时出现气量减少、枯竭、出水等反应，沿人工裂缝走向方向的邻井反应滞后。这一发现使笔者注意到煤层气压裂施工的横向挤压作用可能即时影响邻井产量，压裂设计时应该注意到这一反应的不良影响。

关键词：煤层气裂缝水力压裂

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油压极值比与极值比效率

齐茂林

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第4期页码 73-75

摘要：

文章应用基础公式，推导液压系统油压极值比与极值比效率之间的关系式。该式说明，油压极值比越大，极值比效率就越低。提出了油压极值比是可以设计和选择的。

关键词：油压极值比极值比效率液压系统

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未来飞机液压系统的特点

王占林,陈斌

《中国工程科学》 1999年第1卷第3期页码 5-10

摘要：

现代飞机舵面操纵系统与动力收放系统几乎都是液压驱动的。随着飞机特别是军用飞机的发展，对机载液压系统提出了更高的要求。文章对飞机特别是军用飞机液压系统的主要发展趋势进行了综述，并对国内外的飞机液压系统的研究工作进行了一定的介绍。指出：质量轻、体积小、高压化、大功率、变压力、智能化、集成化、余度技术等是未来飞机液压系统的主要发展趋势，尤其是高压变压力泵源系统对未来飞机的发展尤为重要。

关键词：机载液压系统高压化变压力余度功率电传

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微地震监测技术探究

唐春华,顾广庆

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 95-99

摘要：

微地震监测是地球物理学中的一个重要研究方向，它在油田勘探开采等众多领域有广泛的应用。从微地震的形成机理出发，介绍了微地震的发展历程。重点讨论了微地震监测系统的重要组成部分、关键技术和微地震监测的具体实施，最后讨论了微地震未来的发展与趋势。

关键词：微地震监测水力压裂石油天然气信噪比事件定位

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Micro-hydromechanical deep drawing of metal cups with hydraulic pressure effects

Liang LUO, Zhengyi JIANG, Dongbin WEI, Xiaogang WANG, Cunlong ZHOU, Qingxue HUANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第1期页码 66-73 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0468-z

摘要：

Micro-metal products have recently enjoyed high demand. In addition, metal microforming has drawn increasing attention due to its net-forming capability, batch manufacturing potential, high product quality, and relatively low equipment cost. Micro-hydromechanical deep drawing (MHDD), a typical microforming method, has been developed to take advantage of hydraulic force. With reduced dimensions, the hydraulic pressure development changes; accordingly, the lubrication condition changes from the macroscale to the microscale. A Voronoi-based finite element model is proposed in this paper to consider the change in lubrication in MHDD according to open and closed lubricant pocket theory. Simulation results agree with experimental results concerning drawing force. Changes in friction significantly affect the drawing process and the drawn cups. Moreover, defined wrinkle indexes have been shown to have a complex relationship with hydraulic pressure. High hydraulic pressure can increase the maximum drawing ratio (drawn cup height), whereas the surface finish represented by the wear is not linearly dependent on the hydraulic pressure due to the wrinkles.

关键词： micro-hydromechanical deep drawing microforming size effects lubrication Voronoi

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水压力传感器系统在河床冲刷深度实时监控中的应用研究

陈志坚,刘大伟,张雄文

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第5期页码 17-21

摘要：

阐述了桩基础范围内的河床冲刷实时监测的必要性；介绍了水压力传感器监测系统的应用、技术难点和解决方案。通过潮位监测点的设置，有效解决了水位波动的修正问题，采用依托于基桩的单点定位埋设法实现了传感器可靠定位和传感器信号的可靠传输，苏通大桥的工程实践表明，该方法具有实时性、连续性、长期性和精度高的特点。根据实测结果分析了桩基础范围内河床局部冲刷的机理。

关键词：水压力传感器感潮河段群桩基础局部冲刷实时监测

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页岩气网络设计与运行之间的相互作用，包括CO₂固存

Sharifzadeh Mahdi, Xingzhi Wang, Nilay Shah

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 244-256 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.007

摘要：

随着能源需求的持续增长，作为非常规甲烷源（CH ₄）的页岩气显示出巨大的商业化潜力。但是，由于页岩气储层的渗透率极低，因此可能需要按顺序进行特殊程序，例如水平钻井，水力压裂，定期关井和注入二氧化碳（CO ₂）以提高天然气产量，最大程度地提高经济效益，并确保安全和无害环境的运营。尽管对此新兴技术进行了深入研究，但许多研究人员仅在孤立地研究页岩气设计和运营决策。实际上，这些决定是高度互动的，应该同时考虑。因此，本研究中解决的研究问题包括设计与运营决策之间的相互作用。在本文中，我们首先建立了页岩气藏的全物理模型。接下来，我们对重要设计和操作决策进行敏感性分析，例如井长，井眼布置，裂缝数量，裂缝距离，CO ₂注入速率和闭井调度，以获取增产效果。对页岩气网络复杂行为的深入见解。结果表明，页岩气产量最高的情况不一定是最有利可图的设计。钻探，压裂和CO ₂注入对这项技术的经济可行性具有重大影响。尤其是，由于成本高昂，除非使用CO ₂减税或补贴，否则使用CO ₂的增强气体回收（EGR）似乎不具有商业竞争力。隔离。研究还发现，设计和运营决策之间的相互作用非常重要，这些决策应同时进行优化。

关键词：页岩气，水力压裂，调度，完井，CO ₂隔离，同时优化

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标题作者时间类型操作

Hydraulic fracturing pressure of concentric double-layered cylinder in cohesive soil

期刊论文

Experimental study on slurry-induced fracturing during shield tunneling

Teng WANG, Dajun YUAN, Dalong JIN, Xinggao LI

期刊论文

Simulation analysis of pressure regulation of hydraulic thrust system on a shield tunneling machine

Zhibin LIU, Haibo XIE, Huayong YANG

期刊论文

A novel high-temperature and high-pressure hydraulic pump based on mononeuron control